Animal cell culture applications and products: Cell products - antibodies and immuno-regulators, recombinant products, viral vaccines, cell and tissue therapy. Stem cells: concept. Production of Vaccines in animal cells. Production and applications of monoclonal antibodies. Transgenic animals.


Biological diversity, genetic diversity, specific diversity, species of local cereals, local legume species, local fruit tree species, genetic diversity expressed through large number of associations or combinations of genes in individuals of single species, conservation of plant and animal genetic resources, the effects of destruction of natural environment on local plant and animal genetic resources; the importance of conserving the biological heritage of plant and animal kingdoms, development of seed and gene banks, modes of operation of gene banks, germplasm collections of local crop species, gene banks and breeding, selection of resistant varieties, biotechnologically-based alternatives to live animal experiments. 

Basic techniques in animal cell culture and organ culture, Growth factors promoting proliferation of animal cells, cell line and isolation of cell line, culture media, contaminations and their laboratory management, cell fusion, cell differentiation and growth of cultured cells , bioreactors for large scale culture of cells.. Bioreactors for large scale culture of cells, transplanting culture cells. Preservation and maintenance of animal cell lines, cryopreservation and transport of animal germplasm (i.e. semen, ovum and embryo)

DNA Barcoding and applications; and Fingerprinting, the use of genetic material to answer criminal investigations and legal cases, e.g. Paternity or maternity issues, missing persons, victims of disasters, etc. STR Typing Kits, DNA analysis, RADIS (Rapid DNA Analysis) and CODIS (Combined DNA Indexing System) used by the FBI, in the US.